Does keflex cover gram negative rods1/21/2024 ![]() ![]() Acute uncomplicated UTIs are unlikely to cause renal injury. Symptomatic treatment for pain and nausea should also be addressed. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) 160 mg/800 mg by mouth twice daily for three days may be given alternatively in uncomplicated cases. saprophyticus UTIs is nitrofurantoin 100 mg orally twice daily for five days, or for seven days in complicated cases. The antibiotic of choice in uncomplicated S. It is important to take into consideration specific local resistance patterns when choosing appropriate antibiotic coverage. Treatment with outpatient antibiotics is indicated in symptomatic or complicated UTIs and pyelonephritis. Polymicrobial infections are less common in young, healthy, sexually active females. ![]() Polymicrobial infections are more likely to occur in patients that are immunocompromised, elderly, those who have diabetes, have indwelling catheters, HIV, and/or malignancies. saprophyticus is also a common culprit involved in polymicrobial UTIs. General risk factors for UTIs include the history of recurrent UTIs, female sex, recent sexual intercourse, pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, indwelling catheter, and benign prostatic hypertrophy. Patients with nosocomial UTIs, the elderly, pregnant patients, and those with urinary catheterization have an increased incidence of S. saprophyticus as part of their normal genitourinary flora. Over 40% of all young, sexually active women contain S. In females ages 16 to 25, it causes up to 42% of all infections. saprophyticus is the second most common cause of community-acquired urinary tract infections, after Escherichia coli. saprophyticus is a common gastrointestinal flora in pigs and cows and thus may be transferred to humans through eating these respective foods. saprophyticus is part of the normal human flora that colonizes the perineum, rectum, urethra, cervix, and gastrointestinal tract. However, unlike many of these organisms, it cannot reduce nitrate. saprophyticus utilizes urease to produce ammonia. saprophyticus can be differentiated from another coagulase-negative staphylococcus by its resistance to Novobiocin. A complicated infection typically involves a patient that is immunocompromised, elderly, male, pregnant, diabetic, and/or with urologic abnormalities such as indwelling catheters or kidney disease. Īn acute uncomplicated UTI is characterized by dysuria and frequency in an immunocompetent, non-pregnant adult female and is the most common bacterial infection in women. Less commonly, it is responsible for complications including acute pyelonephritis, urethritis, epididymitis, and prostatitis. Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a Gram-positive, coagulase-negative, non-hemolytic coccus that is a common cause of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in young sexually active females. ![]()
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